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Optimal control model for the spread of Streptococcus suis in human population

Optimal control model for the spread of Streptococcus suis in human population

Original Research ArticleAug 20, 2024Vol. 24 No. 6 (2024) 10.55003/cast.2024.258970

Abstract

Streptococcus suis infection is a zoonotic disease that can spread from pigs to humans. The infection can cause permanent deafness in people. Although it is considered as a neglected zoonotic pathogen, the prevalence of this infection has not measurably decreased in recent years. In this research, we proposed mathematical models of S. suis infection in both human and pig populations. Disinfectant sterilization in swine farms and educational campaigns were considered for cooperative control strategies. The aim of this study was to derive an optimal control strategy by using optimal control techniques associated with an existing epidemic model. Equilibrium points and the basic reproduction numbers were analyzed to determine the effect of control parameters in the constant case. For the optimal control problem, we showed numerically that the optimal control functions effectively reduced the number of infectious individuals within a finite time. However, the suggested control functions had more impact on the human group than the swine group.  The sensitivity analysis implied that the control of swine population should be focused on the surveillance of weaning piglets.

References

1
Wertheim, H.F.L., Nghia, H.D.T., Taylor, W. and Schultsz, C., 2009. Streptococcus suis: an emerging human pathogen. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 48(5), 617-625.
2
Arends, J.P., Hartwig, N., Rudolphy, M. and Zanen, H.C., 1984. Carrier rate of Streptococcus suis capsular type 2 in palatine tonsils of slaughtered pigs. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 20(5), 945-947.
3
Gottschalk, M. and Segura, M., 2000. The pathogenesis of the meningitis caused by Streptococcus suis: the unresolved questions. Veterinary Microbiology, 76(3), 259-272.
4
Padungtod, P., Tharavichitkul, P., Junya, S., Chaisowong, W., Kadohira, M., Makino, S. and Sthitmatee, N., 2010. Incidence and presence of virulence factors of Streptococcus suis infection in slaughtered pigs from Chiang Mai, Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 41(6), 1454-1461.
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Gottschalk, M., Segura, M. and Xu, J., 2007. Streptococcus suis infections in humans: the Chinese experience and the situation in North America. Animal Health Research Reviews, 8(1), 29-45.

Author Information

Lapatrada Wanaleesuksan

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand

Klot Patanarapeelert

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand

Klot Patanarapeelert

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

About this Article

Current Journal

Vol. 24 No. 6 (2024)

Type of Manuscript

Original Research Article

Keywords

Streptococcus suis
zoonotic
mathematical model
optimal control

Published

20 August 2024

DOI

10.55003/cast.2024.258970

Current Journal

Journal Cover
Vol. 24 No. 6 (2024)

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